• In this study we have investigated the expression

  2022-06-17

  

  In this study, we have investigated the expression of FXR and TGR5 in CCA tissues in two independent cohorts of patients and determined their association with tumor clinicopathological parameters. The expression of both BA receptors was also evaluated in CCA human cells and normal human cholangiocyt

• br Medium to long chain fatty acids

  2022-06-17

  

  Medium- to long-chain fatty acids Medium- to long-chain fatty acids impart a wide range of physiological effects. Medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids have 6–12 carbons and >12 carbons, respectively. As the energy source, these fatty acids are supplied primarily by food intake, biosynthesis, a

• The ultimate success of multimodal probe in the inflammation

  2022-06-17

  

  The ultimate success of multimodal probe in the inflammation imaging will be dependent on simplicity in synthesis (combining various modules without protection/deprotection), ease of optimization of pharmacological properties (linker group with tunable PEG moiety), co-registration of macroscopic and

• br Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is characteriz

  2022-06-17

  

  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive obstruction of airflow, not fully reversible, which is accompanied by a chronic inflammatory response, induced by deleterious particles or gases, in airways and lung parenchyma. The most important risk factor for COPD is

• To identify genes with significant expression differences

  2022-06-16

  

  To identify genes with significant T7 High Yield Cy3 RNA differences, we performed differential gene expression analysis between the two individuals with TRRAP variants (combined as biological replicates) and two unaffected controls. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these genes with the GO

• Hexokinases HXKs are major regulatory enzymes in

  2022-06-16

  

  Hexokinases (HXKs) are major regulatory enzymes in sugar metabolism and in sugar sensing in plants (Claeyssen and Rivoal, 2007, Granot et al., 2013, Sheen, 2014, Aguilera-Alvarado and Sánchez-Nieto, 2017). HXK can phosphorylate both glucose and fructose to respective hexose-6-phosphates as a first s

• The overall response rate to afatinib is

  2022-06-16

  

  The 13% overall response rate to afatinib is comparable to a 19% response rate reported by Peters et al. [20] in a separate retrospective series investigating the use of afatinib in more heavily pretreated patients with HER2-mutant lung adenocarcinomas. Our 13% response rate is also comparable to an

• Mapping PPI networks is challenging

  2022-06-16

  

  Mapping PPI networks is challenging, as it is difficult to express and purify large variaties of Sulforhodamine 101 in sufficient quantities to allow the study of interactions between them. Membrane-bound proteins are particularly difficult to purify in functional form due to their amphiphilic nat

• br Introduction Initial studies of cancer metabolism

  2022-06-16

  

  Introduction Initial studies of cancer metabolism in the early 1920s showed that the cancer phenotype for glucose metabolism is unique, with increased abilities to take up glucose and produce lactate, even under aerobic conditions [1]. This pathway, called aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect

• While PLGA implants could be

  2022-06-16

  

  While PLGA implants could be beneficial for regenerative angiogenesis in the context of wound healing, they chemokine receptor could also lead to adverse effects. Indeed, extracellular acidification inhibits osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix mineralization, which m

• br Introduction Cell surface receptors are central

  2022-06-16

  

  Introduction Cell surface receptors are central to the interaction of cells with their surroundings and play an important role in determining functional responses. These receptors are integral membrane proteins responsible for the binding of extracellular signaling molecules and transduction into

• ATP as a transmitter can be released from injured

  2022-06-16

  

  ATP as a transmitter can be released from injured Okadaic acid synthesis and sensory nerve endings (Sperlágh et al., 1995, Sperlágh et al., 1997, Sperlágh et al., 1998, Burnstock, 2013, Burnstock, 2014). ATP can activate the P2X3 receptor in the DRG neurons (Gao et al., 2011a; Xu et al., 2012). In

• As glucagon stimulated hepatic glucose

  2022-06-15

  

  As glucagon-stimulated hepatic MHY1485 production is a key component of the normal response to hypoglycemia, the potential of a GCGr antagonist to delay or prevent recovery from a hypoglycemic state is a critical safety issue that must be addressed. Studies of the effects on time to recovery from a

• GHRL effect on appetite is influenced by its

  2022-06-15

  

  GHRL effect on appetite is influenced by its dose and route of administration, where central or peripheral administration of GHRL at low doses increases feed intake, via acting on orexigenic hypothalamic neurons, and decreases appetite at high doses in chickens (Jonaidi et al., 2012), quails (Shoush

• br Role of FPRs in regulating the inflammatory

  2022-06-15

  

  Role of FPRs in regulating the inflammatory response Annexin I is a glucocorticoid-regulated protein possessing both pro- and anti-inflammatory activity that might be mediated, in part, by FPR activation [35]. Expressed in a variety of cell types, annexin I is particularly abundant in neutrophils

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